I-Direct3D iyi-a I-API (I-Application Programming Interface) okuyingxenye ye-Microsoft DirectX suite. Yakhelwe ukwenza kube lula ukudala nokuphatha izithombe ze-3D ezinhlelweni zokusebenza namageyimu wevidiyo kuplathifomu ye-Windows. I-Direct3D ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bafinyelele izici zehadiwe yezithombe ezithuthukisiwe, okuholela ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokunikezwa okubonakalayo okuphezulu.
Umlando we-Direct3D
Kusukela ekukhululweni kwayo kokuqala ngo-1995, i-Direct3D iguquke kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, i-API ibinomkhawulo emidwebeni eyisisekelo, kodwa ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izici ezithuthukisiwe, ukwenziwa ngcono kokusebenza, nokusekelwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezinamandla kakhulu kuye kwanezelwa.
I-Direct3D 11, ekhishwe ngo-2009, ilethe nenani lentuthuko emisha, kuhlanganise nokusekelwa kwe i-tessellation, okwavumela ukumodela okuningiliziwe nokuphilayo. Inguqulo yakamuva, I-Direct3D 12, yethulwe ngo-2015, inikezela ngesakhiwo esisebenza kahle nokusebenzisa kangcono izinsiza zehadiwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Direct3D
I-Direct3D inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene kukho kokubili ukuthuthukiswa komdlalo wevidiyo nakwezinye izindawo ezidinga ihluzo ze-3D. Ezinye zezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa:
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemidlalo yevidiyo
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Direct3D ekuthuthukisweni komdlalo wevidiyo mhlawumbe uhlelo lwayo olwaziwa kakhulu. Izithombe ngaphakathi 3D Izinga eliphezulu, imiphumela ebonakalayo eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokulingiswa okungokoqobo kufinyelelwa ngale API. Ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bakhe izindawo ezigxilile nezinhlamvu ezinemininingwane eminingi.
Ukubonwa Kwesayensi
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwe-Direct3D ku- ukubonwa kwesayensi. Abacwaningi bangasebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ukumela idatha eyinkimbinkimbi kumafomethi e-3D, okwenza kube lula ukuhumusha ulwazi okungenzeka kube nzima ukulibona ngeso lengqondo ku-2D. Lokhu kuwusizo emikhakheni efana imithi, i biology kanye ne Ubunjiniyela.
Ukulingisa kanye Nokumodela
I-Direct3D isetshenziswa ekulingiseni ukumela izenzakalo ngaphakathi izindawo ezinezinhlangothi ezintathuLokhu kuhlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekulingiseni indiza ukuya ekunikezeni ukuqeqeshwa kwezempi. Ukumodela kwe-3D kwezakhiwo nokuklama nakho kuyazuza emakhonweni e-Direct3D, ukuhlinzeka ngokuhumusha okungokoqobo nokuphumelelayo.
Izici ze-Direct3D
I-Direct3D inikezela ngezici ezahlukahlukene eziyenza ihehe konjiniyela namabhizinisi.
Ukuhambisana kwe-Hardware
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ze-Direct3D ukuhambisana kwayo ne-hardware yehluzo ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kusho ukuthi onjiniyela bangakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza kumadivayisi anhlobonhlobo, kusukela kumakhompuyutha edeskithophu kuya kumalaptop kanye neziteshi zokusebenza. I-API isekela womabili amakhadi ehluzo ahlanganisiwe nazinikele.
Ukukhishwa
I-Direct3D isekela amasu athuthukile njenge i-tessellation, okuvumela izindawo ezingaphezulu ukuthi zihlukaniswe zibe amapholigoni amancane ukuze kwakhe amamodeli anemininingwane eminingi. Le nqubo iphumela ekuhlelweni okubonakalayo okushelelayo, okunengqondo kakhudlwana, okubalulekile ekudaleni imihlaba enemininingwane ecebile.
High Definition Graphics
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, i-Direct3D iguqule amakhono ayo ukuze idale ihluzo Incazelo EphakemeI-API isekela izinqumo eziphakeme kakhulu kanye nemiphumela yokubuka eyinkimbinkimbi, ithuthukisa ngokusobala ulwazi lomsebenzisi kumageyimu wevidiyo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisanayo.
Ipayipi Lokunikeza
Direct3D amathuluzi a ipayipi lokunikeza ipayipi lokunikeza elithuthukisiwe elithuthukisa ukuguqulwa kwezithombe kanye nenqubo yokunikezela. Kusuka kokufaka imodeli kuye ku-shading kanye ne-rasterization, ipayipi lokunikezela le-Direct3D lilawula kahle zonke izinyathelo zenqubo, lisebenzisa izinsiza ezitholakalayo ngokugcwele.
I-DirectCompute
I-DirectCompute iyisici esingeziwe esikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amandla ekhompuyutha e-GPU ukwenza imisebenzi engeyona imidwebo efana nokubala kwezibalo nokucubungula idatha. Lokhu kuvula amathuba amasha okuba abathuthukisi bahlanganise ikhompuyutha ehambisanayo ezinhlelweni zabo zokusebenza.
Isebenza kanjani iDirect3D
I-Direct3D isebenza ngochungechunge lwezinyathelo ezivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi baxhumane nehadiwe yezithombe.
Idala Idivayisi
Isinyathelo sokuqala kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Direct3D yi ukudalwa kwedivayisi yesithombeLokhu kuvumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukuxhumana ne-GPU, isungula umongo wemisebenzi yokunikezela eyenziwayo.
Uma idivayisi isidaliwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo sihlanganisa ukuphathwa kwezinsizaLokhu kufaka phakathi ukudala ukuthungwa, amabhafa, nezinye izinsiza zezithombe ezidingekayo ukuze kuboniswe isigameko. I-Direct3D iphatha kahle lezi zinsiza ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza.
Ukunikeza Isigcawu
Isinyathelo sokugcina yi- ukunikezwa kwesigcawuPhakathi nalesi sigaba, i-API yenza izinqubo eziningi, ezifana nokuguqulwa kwe-vertex, isicelo sokuthungwa, nokuthungatha. Konke lokhu kwenziwa ku-GPU, kuqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwehluzo okubushelelezi, okuningiliziwe.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-Direct3D
Ukusebenzisa i-Direct3D kuletha izinzuzo eziningi, kufaka phakathi kodwa kungagcini:
Ukusebenza Okufanelekile
I-Direct3D yakhelwe ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele ihadiwe yezithombe zesimanje, okuholela ekusebenzeni okukhethekile lapho ikhombisa ihluzo ze-3D.
Umphakathi Wonjiniyela Omkhulu
Ngenxa yokuduma nokuhlanganiswa kwayo ku-Windows, kunomphakathi omkhulu wabathuthukisi ababelana ngezinsiza, amathuluzi, nolwazi, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi abasha ukuthi bafunde futhi bathuthuke ekuthuthukisweni besebenzisa i-Direct3D.
Ukuhambisana kwe-Cross-platform
Nakuba kuvame kakhulu ku-Windows, i-Direct3D iphinde yabona izindlela zokuhlanganisa kwamanye amapulatifomu ngamathuluzi afana nalawa Iwayini, okuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza nemidlalo ebhalelwe i-Direct3D ukuthi isebenze kumasistimu wokusebenza ahlukene.
Imikhawulo ye-Direct3D
Ngenkathi i-Direct3D inikezela ngezinzuzo eziningi, futhi inemikhawulo ethile okufanele iqaphe onjiniyela.
Ukuncika kweWindows
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ukuthi i-Direct3D iboshelwe ngokuqinile kuWindows. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwamanye amapulatifomu, njenge-macOS noma i-Linux, ngaphandle uma kusetshenziswa izixazululo zokuhambisana.
Ijika lokufunda
Kulabo abasha ekuthuthukisweni kwezithombe ze-3D, i-API ingaba ne- ijika lokufunda okubalulekile. Nakuba kunendathane yemibhalo etholakalayo, inkimbinkimbi yokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zezithombe ezithuthukile ingaba inselele.
Ikusasa le-Direct3D liqhakazile, ikakhulukazi ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bezithombe. I-Microsoft kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokwandisa futhi ithuthukise i-Direct3D ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo eziguqukayo zokuthuthukiswa kwezithombe, iqinisekise ukuthi ihlala iyithuluzi elibalulekile labathuthukisi begeyimu, ososayensi, nonjiniyela.
Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Augmented and Virtual Reality
Ngokukhula kwe-augmented reality (AR) kanye ne-virtual reality (VR), izinguqulo zesikhathi esizayo ze-Direct3D cishe zizoshintshwa ukuze zinikeze usekelo oluqinile lwalobu buchwepheshe, kuthuthuke ngcono ulwazi lomsebenzisi.
Ukuthuthukiswa nge-Ray Tracing
Ukuhlanganiswa kwamasu afana ne- ukulandelela imisebe isiphenduke inkambiso ekunikezelweni kwezithombe. Izinguqulo zesikhathi esizayo ze-Direct3D kulindeleke ukuthi zisebenzise amakhono athuthukile okulandelela ama-ray, zinikeze abathuthukisi ikhono lokudala izithombe ezingokoqobo nakakhulu neziguquguqukayo ezinhlelweni zabo zokusebenza.
Onjiniyela abanentshisekelo yokuqalisa nge-Direct3D banenhlobonhlobo yezinsiza kanye nemibhalo etholakala kubo. Ikhasi elisemthethweni le-Microsoft inikeza imihlahlandlela enemininingwane, okokufundisa kanye nezibonelo zekhodi ezenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa i-Direct3D kumaphrojekthi akho. Kukhona futhi izinkundla nemiphakathi eku-inthanethi lapho ungathola khona usizo futhi wabelane ngomuzwa.
Izincwadi Nezifundo
Kunezincwadi eziningi nezifundo eziku-inthanethi ezihlanganisa yonke into kusukela kokuyisisekelo kuya kumasu athuthukile e-Direct3D. Lezi zinsiza ziwusizo kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukujula ekuthuthukisweni kwezithombe nomdlalo wevidiyo.